New energy batteries refer to new batteries, including zinc-silver batteries, lithium batteries, solar cells, etc. These batteries have their own unique characteristics and advantages in design and application. The development direction of new batteries is mainly focused on improving energy density, extending service life, enhancing safety and reducing production costs. New batteries are increasingly used in electric vehicles and other fields.
The working principle of new energy batteries is mainly to convert chemical energy into electrical energy through chemical reactions, and store and release it when needed to meet the demand for power supply. During the charging process, an external power source is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery, the positive pole absorbs electrons, the negative pole releases electrons, and ions are transferred through the electrolyte, moving from the negative pole to the positive pole, converting chemical energy into electrical energy and storing it in the battery. During the discharge process, the positive pole releases the stored electrons, the negative pole receives these electrons, and the ions are transferred back to the negative pole through the electrolyte, generating current and providing electrical energy for external devices.
Common problems with new energy batteries mainly include the following aspects:
- Reduced mileage: As the use time accumulates, the battery's ability to store electricity will gradually weaken, resulting in a shorter distance that the vehicle can travel
- Charging barrier: The battery charging rate is significantly reduced or cannot be charged at all, which may be due to a damaged charger, a fault in the charging line, or a loose battery connection port.
- Overheating phenomenon: The battery generates heat during operation. If the temperature rises abnormally, it may damage the battery or even cause a fire.
- Battery aging: After repeated charging and discharging, the battery performance will gradually decline, resulting in a reduction in driving range.
- Voltage faults: Includes problems such as high or low battery voltage, voltage difference and voltage jump. These faults may be caused by acquisition errors, poor or failed LMU balancing function, and high self-discharge rate of the battery cell.
- Temperature faults: Includes thermal management and heat dissipation faults. For example, the heating does not turn on when the temperature is below a certain value, or the fan does not work when the temperature is above a certain value.
- CAN bus communication fault: BMS communicates with VCU, OBC, etc. through the CAN bus. Failures may cause problems such as the electric vehicle being unable to power on or charge.
- BMS controller not working: causes the CAN bus to be unable to communicate, the vehicle being unable to power on or charge, etc.
- Single cell voltage and temperature sampling failure: It may be caused by differences in the battery's own capacity and internal resistance or poor external heat dissipation.
- Leakage insulation failure: Report insulation failure, severe leakage causes high voltage to fail to power on, which may be due to damage to the battery shell protective cover or leakage in the battery liquid cooling system.
The benefits of infrared thermal imaging technology to new energy batteries are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
- Temperature monitoring: Infrared thermal imaging technology can monitor the temperature distribution of new energy battery packs in real time. By detecting the temperature difference inside the battery pack, it can promptly detect overheating or abnormal temperature of battery cells and prevent safety hazards caused by excessive temperature.
- Fault diagnosis: Infrared thermal imaging technology can detect possible fault points inside the battery, such as poor contact between battery cells, over-discharge, etc. By observing infrared images, the problem area can be quickly located and targeted repairs and replacements can be carried out to improve the reliability and stability of the battery system.
- Thermal management optimization: Infrared thermal imaging technology can help optimize the thermal management strategy of the battery system. By real-time monitoring of the temperature distribution of the battery, the heat dissipation system or thermal management measures can be adjusted to improve the heat dissipation effect, reduce the temperature gradient, reduce the risk of thermal runaway, and extend the service life of the battery.
- Performance evaluation: Infrared thermal imaging technology can also be used to evaluate the performance of new energy battery packs. By monitoring the temperature changes of the battery pack under different working conditions, the thermal effects of the battery during charging and discharging can be understood, providing a reference for optimizing the design and control of the battery pack.
- R&D and testing: In the R&D and testing process of new energy batteries, infrared thermal imaging technology can provide a non-contact temperature measurement method for evaluating the performance of batteries with different designs and materials. By observing the thermal distribution and temperature changes of the battery, the battery structure, thermal management system and material selection can be optimized to improve the efficiency and cycle life of the battery.
- Storage monitoring: Infrared thermal imaging technology can comprehensively monitor the temperature of the battery storage warehouse 24 hours a day, set alarm thresholds, detect high temperatures in time, and prevent fire and explosion accidents.
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